focal point + emphasis isolation + dominance symmetry balance + unity bilateral symmetry divides a composition symmetrically in half either along the vertical or horizontal axis. bilateral vertical symmetry Ed Ruscha, 2002, Step on No Pets This type of design provides for an overall equilibrium in composition and thus, an overall balance + unity, without variety. biaxial symmetry is a composition that has more than 2 axes of symmetry = vertical + horizontal. This guarantees that the composition has balance, both upper and lower parts of the design AND left and right areas of the design along Horizontal or Vertical axis > providing formal balance, and thus, complete unity. Biaxial symmetry has the possibility of more than two axes. Snowflakes and kaleidoscopes have three axes of symmetry and are excellent examples of biaxial symmetry Inverted symmetry uses symmetry with 1/2 inverted design to complete the composition. Du